Numbers
There are two numbers. If there is one object, its noun/pronoun form is singular. The plural form of a noun/pronoun indicates that there is more than one object.
Rules for forming the plural are as follows:
Masculine Nouns: आ-ending masculine nouns change to ए.
| कमरा | - | कमरे |
| kamraa | - | kamre |
| बेटा | - | बेटे |
| beTaa | - | beTe |
| चश्मा | - | चश्मे |
| chashmaa | - | chashme |
Exceptions: आ-ending masculine nouns of kinship terms and words of Sanskrit origin such as चाचा ‘father’s younger brother’, दादा ‘paternal grandfather’, मामा ‘mother’s brother’, पिता ‘father’, राजा ‘king’, etc. do not change to ए.
- Consonant- ending masculine nouns do not change.
| मकान | - | मकान |
| makaan | - | makaan |
| हाथ | - | हाथ |
| haath | - | haath |
| नाम | - | नाम |
| naam | - | naam |
- Feminine Nouns: याँ is attached to इ or ई -ending feminine nouns (ई first changes to इ before याँ is attached.)
| लड़की | - | लड़कियाँ |
| laRkii | - | laRkiyaaN |
| बेटी | - | बेटियाँ |
| beTii | - | beTiyaaN |
| तिथि | - | तिथियाँ |
| tithi | - | tithiyaaN |
For all other ending feminine nouns, एँ is attached.
| बहन | - | बहनें |
| behen | - | behneN |
| मेज़ | - | मेज़ें |
| mez | - | mezeN |
| दीवार | - | दीवारें |
| diivaar | - | diivaareN |
| भाषा | - | भाषाएँ |
| bhaashaa | - | bhaashaaeN |
| माता | - | माताएँ |
| maataa | - | maataaeN |
| बहू | - | बहुएँ |
| bahuu | - | bahueN |
Practice Exercise 1
Practice Exercise 2